How to find profitability in the e-scooter sharing industry – a conversation with Bullride
September 8, 2022
min. read
When it comes to the future of e-scooter sharing, there are some pretty conflicting opinions out there. Some say it's the future of micromobility, others are less optimistic.
Ultimately, the success of scooter operators all depends on their ability to find profitability.
Let's be honest – this industry has higher-than-average overhead costs. The hardware itself is a major investment, and profits are further seeped by the maintenance workforce, storage, relocation costs, and new regulatory requirements that are regularly introduced.
But profitability is possible.
We spoke to Heiko Hildebrandt, co-founder of Bullride, which helps mobility companies offload their assets from their balance sheet to keep them in the black.
The state of the scooter industry – hopeful
The economy is just starting to stabilize as we exit the Covid slump and enter the new normal. How did Covid affect the micromobility sphere?
A study published in Bloomberg found that monthly ridership fell drastically in 2021, but made a comeback in 2022 when people returned to office.
Source: Bloomberg
Now, that's using US-based brands as a model.
Heiko Hildebrandt shares that the scooter operators he's worked with have experienced a similar effect:
“Corona was the greatest fuel you could pour onto the micromobility fire. During Corona times, people hardly used public transport, and most people switched to scooters. We saw two of the biggest micromobility brands in Europe, Bolt and Tier, raise record-setting VC investment at the end of 2021 – totaling 1.4B EUR – a clear sign of traction. And since Covid has ended, we've seen a 30%-40% slump in demand. So was Covid bad for business? Not according to my perspective.”
However, according to Heiko, the real challenge is to make the unit economics work. Because the question is not about whether the product is in demand. The question is does it make sense from a business perspective.
The challenges the scooter industry faces
The scooter industry, while in demand, must face challenges that directly impact their unit economics. For some businesses, it pushes them over the edge and drives them into insolvency.
By knowing what those challenges are, scooter businesses can better set up their business models to protect their profitability.
Rising hardware costs
In order for a scooter's lifetime to be profitable, it has to be in use for at least 2 seasons – some even say, for 4 years. That means that the scooter has to be durable, easily maintained, with cost-efficient replacement parts.
“Scooters are usually imported from abroad (mostly China), and shipping costs are now 8x higher than they were two years ago. The costs of electronics components are ever increasing.”
Jürgen Sahtel, Manager of the ATOM Vehicle Marketplace, agrees that the prices have gone up over the past two years.
“For example, hardware prices for the new Segway models have increased more than 40% over the last 16 months. And this trend is across all manufacturers – new scooters could be obtained starting from 650EUR and up, while more advanced models readily available in EU are priced at around 1000EUR per unit.”
The hardware is one of the biggest up-front investments that a scooter operator faces. But it's also critical to balance cost with quality, as you need to be so resilient that it can withstand public use over the course of 2-4 years.
Expanding regulation
When the e-scooter sharing industry took off, the industry was so fresh that there wasn't any regulation in place to keep it in check. It was the wild west, and operators were able to take advantage of the regulatory grey area.
Now, municipalities are starting to crack down on the industry and putting laws into place. Regulation, overall, is a good thing. However, the way it's done now shows a lack of understanding about the unit economics and its regulation that is being enacted.
“Most municipalities are limiting the size of a fleet that one scooter competitor can have. Their goal is to reduce the amount of scooter clutter on the streets. But that number is often too low to ensure what we call “natural floating” – the process of humans moving the scooters around the city. This puts a larger strain on relocation and charging teams.”
Other burdens placed on scooter brands is the stricter demarcation of allowable parking zones. This is a factor that impacts relocation teams – those responsible for bringing scooters from less popular zones back to city centers and transport hubs. Additionally, mandatory tenders with the municipality are usually offered only for one year, making planning rather difficult.
A new trend that Heiko mentions seeing from a regulatory perspective is the emergence of mandatory insurance.
“Scooters used to be classified as bikes, and thus, similarly regulated. Now, they're being reclassified as motored vehicles, which have different regulatory requirements, including mandatory insurance.”
This further skews the unit economics of each ride.
On the other hand, regulation can also play an enabling factor. Heiko shares that if tenders could be extended for, say, 3 years, it could provide scooter brands with planning stability. If municipalities limited only 2 competitors in a city, this would ensure enough demand to make the unit economics work.
Finding profitability in unlikely places – Bullride's unique business model
Heiko believes that the future lies in the shared economy. He's among the 4 co-founders of Bullride, an investment platform that shoulders the burden of the hardware investment and splits the scooter rent with the operating brand.
How does it work?
- The Bullride platform crowdfunds the costs of the initial scooter investment. These people become your investors. Instead of giving away equity (ownership) of your company, they end up “owning” one of your scooters (1 scooter = 1,000 EUR).
- The order is made into one of the top scooter manufacturers that have the best longevity – Bullride does this for you.
- You split the rental income – 55% for you, 30% for investors, 15% for Bullride.
The idea works for a number of reasons.
- You'll need money. A bank is unlikely to fund a scooter venture (because of historically low profitability), and a VC will ask for equity. This way, you get the investment, while retaining full control.
- Bullride has very specific requirements. They know what works, and what doesn't. They only work together with entrepreneurs that meet their very strict requirements. That includes entering a city that has no more than 2 competitors, and a city that has no more than 100,000 inhabitants. 30,000 is the ideal sweetspot. You also only have one employee – and that's you.
The operating brand then may use a leading vehicle-sharing platform ATOM Mobility, to fast-track their time to market. ATOM takes profitability even further with its unique pricing model. Instead of the common model of cost-per-vehicle, ATOM uses a cost-per-ride model. That means that if you have less demand (and as a result, less income) in a certain month, then you pay less for use of the ATOM platform.
But scooter sharing is just the beginning. This same model, Heiko believes, can be applied to e-bikes, e-scooters, carsharing, even wind turbines and major investments like that. Why shouldn't a community be able to jointly invest in and co-own the infrastructure that they need to live?
This is a unique model that hasn't been commonly seen elsewhere. It's more than just scooters – Bullride believes that at the heart of it, what they're doing is democratizing asset ownership.
If you're looking to launch or scale your own vehicle-sharing business, contact the ATOM Mobility team to learn more abut this opportunity.
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ATOM Connect 2026: The state of shared micromobility - key trends shaping the Industry
🛴 🚲 At ATOM Connect 2026 in Riga, operators, technology providers, and industry experts came together to discuss where the market is heading and what will define successful operators in the coming years. The discussions covered everything from fleet economics and regulation to AI, insurance, MaaS, and operator growth stories.
May 19, 2026
min. read
Shared mobility continues to evolve quickly. At ATOM Connect 2026 in Riga, operators, technology providers, and industry experts came together to discuss where the market is heading and what will define successful operators in the coming years. The discussions covered everything from fleet economics and regulation to AI, insurance, MaaS, and operator growth stories.
One thing became increasingly clear throughout the event: The industry is entering a different phase. Growth is still happening, but the rules for winning are changing.
🚲 E-bikes are becoming the core shared mobility asset
For years, shared e-scooters dominated headlines and rapid expansion stories. Now the conversation is gradually shifting.
Research presented by Frost & Sullivan suggests that e-bikes are increasingly becoming the preferred shared micromobility mode in many markets because of stronger unit economics, lighter regulatory friction, and changing rider behavior.
Some numbers presented:
- Average lifetime gross profit per shared scooter: ~$2,073
- Average lifetime gross profit per shared e-bike: ~$4,336
- Average scooter lifespan: ~3 years
- Average e-bike lifespan: ~4 years
Despite higher vehicle costs, e-bikes generate stronger long-term economics. We also saw examples from operators:
- Forest increased its e-bike fleet by 34%, while more cities increasingly support bike-focused mobility systems.
The interesting part is that e-bikes are gradually shifting from “fun transportation” toward everyday commuting infrastructure.
📈 Growth continues while fleet size remains relatively stable
One surprising trend discussed during the event was that the European shared micromobility market continues growing despite relatively stable fleet sizes.
Normally, growth comes from deploying more vehicles. Now something different appears to be happening:
- Better utilization
- Increased rider adoption
- Improved retention
- Subscription models
This is an important shift because it suggests the market is becoming more efficient. Instead of flooding cities with additional vehicles, operators are increasingly focused on generating more value from existing fleets.
💰 Subscriptions are becoming increasingly important
Historically, shared mobility relied heavily on per-ride revenue. That model is also changing.
Frost & Sullivan highlighted subscriptions as one of the strongest trends for 2026, with subscription-heavy models showing positive profitability dynamics. This aligns with what many operators shared during discussions. Subscriptions bring several advantages:
- Higher retention
- Predictable recurring revenue
- Lower customer acquisition pressure
- Better ride frequency
The industry may gradually move toward a model that looks more like SaaS and memberships rather than only pay-per-use transportation.
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🤖 AI is moving from experiments to core operations
AI was one of the strongest themes throughout the event. Only a few years ago, AI in mobility often meant pilots and interesting demos. Now operators increasingly use it for daily operations. Examples discussed included:
- Demand forecasting
- Rebalancing optimization
- Predictive maintenance
- Safety monitoring
- Fraud detection
- Dynamic insurance pricing
- Battery optimization
Frost & Sullivan identified AI-powered demand anticipation as one of the highest-impact trends for operators in 2026.
Yuri Narozniak from datafolio also shared examples where AI predicts high-risk insurance zones and dynamically adjusts risk models based on ride behavior. Datafolio additionally introduced integrated rider insurance options, with approximately 25% long-term rider adoption.
🌍 Regulation is increasingly determining market strategy
Regulation has become one of the biggest variables affecting operator success. Different cities continue taking very different approaches. Examples discussed included:
Positive developments:
- UK extending e-scooter trials until 2028
- Netherlands approving road-legal e-scooters
- Oslo doubling scooter capacity
Restrictions:
− Prague banning shared scooters
− Italy tightening compliance requirements
Cities want fewer operators, stronger compliance, and more accountability.
Winning a market increasingly depends on safety records, operational quality, data transparency, compliance history rather than simply deploying larger fleets.
📱 MaaS continues connecting fragmented mobility services
Raymon Pouwels shared the growth story behind umob and the continued expansion of Mobility-as-a-Service. The long-term vision remains simple: One interface, multiple transportation services.
Users increasingly expect transportation to behave similarly to digital services: Open one app -> See all options -> Choose what works best.
The market continues moving toward stronger integration between operators and MaaS platforms.
🏆 What separates operators who will win in 2026?
One slide from Frost & Sullivan summarized it particularly well:
"The operators still standing in 2026 didn't win on product - they won on discipline, selectivity, and city relationships."
Looking across both research and operator stories, common patterns repeatedly appeared:
✔ Lean and efficient operations
✔ Strategic market selection
✔ Diversified revenue streams
✔ Strong partnerships
✔ Data-driven decisions
✔ Safety and compliance focus
Thank you again to all speakers, partners, and participants who joined us at ATOM Connect 2026 and contributed to the discussions. We are excited to continue building the future of mobility together.
Want to continue the conversation? 🚀
Our team will be attending Micromobility Europe (June 2-3, Berlin) and we'll have a booth there. If you're attending too, come say hello, grab a coffee, and let's talk mobility ☕
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What makes a strong driver app and why it impacts growth
🚗 A weak driver app slows down operations and pushes drivers to other platforms. In ride-hailing, drivers switch apps fast. If the experience is confusing, slow, or unreliable, they leave. That means fewer completed rides and higher costs for operators. A strong driver app improves navigation, keeps ride flow steady, makes earnings clear, and helps drivers stay longer. This article explains what actually matters in a driver app and how it affects your ability to grow and scale.
April 29, 2026
min. read
In any ride-hailing or mobility business, the driver app is a great tool. However, it is also the main interface drivers use every day to accept rides, navigate, track earnings, and communicate with the platform. If the experience is slow, confusing, or unreliable, drivers leave. If and when that happens, operations suffer immediately.
This is why driver experience has become an important factor in platform performance. According to industry insights, driver churn remains one of the biggest challenges in ride-hailing, with platforms needing to continuously recruit and onboard new drivers to maintain supply. The 2025 Gig Driver Report found that 68% of gig drivers use two or more platforms every month, which shows how easily drivers switch between apps when the experience, earnings, or payout process feels better elsewhere.
A well-built driver app does more than support operations. It improves efficiency, increases completed trips, and helps build long-term driver loyalty.
The driver app is the core of daily operations
Drivers rely on the app for almost everything during a shift. It needs to work reliably in real conditions, including high demand, long hours, and unstable connections.
A modern driver app should allow drivers to:
- Accept and manage ride requests
- Navigate easily using popular apps such Waze or Google maps
- Track earnings in real time
- Easily understand interfacen and buttons
- Control availability and working hours
Solutions like the ATOM Mobility driver app bring all of this into one system, reducing friction and making daily work simpler for drivers. When everything works in one place, drivers spend less time solving issues and more time completing trips.
Navigation and dispatch directly affect earnings
Accurate navigation and smart ride assignment are two of the biggest factors affecting driver productivity.
Drivers need to:
- Find pickup points quickly
- Follow efficient routes
- Avoid unnecessary idle time
Even small improvements in routing and dispatch can make a difference. Better routing reduces wasted time and fuel use, which improves both driver earnings and operational efficiency across the platform.
At the same time, automated dispatch ensures drivers receive rides consistently. Features like back-to-back trip assignments reduce downtime and keep drivers active throughout their shift.
Payments and transparency build trust
Drivers want clarity when it comes to earnings. If payouts are delayed or unclear, trust drops quickly.
A good driver app should show:
- Earnings pe each trip
- Daily, weekly and monthly totals
Clear earnings tracking reduces disputes and gives drivers confidence in the platform. It also simplifies operations for companies managing large fleets.
Driver experience and retention are directly connected
Driver experience is closely linked to retention. Small issues like unclear earnings, poor navigation, bad UI or inconsistent ride flow can push drivers to another platform.
This is why long-term retention strategies matter, especially in competitive markets where drivers have multiple options, as explained in how to retain drivers on your ride-hailing platform long term.
Platforms that invest in driver experience early reduce churn and avoid constant recruitment costs.
The driver app is part of a larger platform
The driver app does not exist on its own. It is part of a broader system that includes rider apps, dispatch tools, analytics, and payment systems.
Most operators today do not build these systems from scratch. Instead, they launch using ready-made platforms where all components are connected, including the driver app, as explained in this guide on building a personalized white-label taxi app.
This approach allows companies to launch faster and scale without rebuilding core infrastructure.
Driver experience should match your business model
Not all ride-hailing platforms are the same. Some focus on premium services, others on affordability, and others on specific local markets.
The driver app needs to support that positioning. Features, pricing logic, and workflows should reflect the type of service being offered, which is explored further in this article on finding your niche in the ride-hailing market.
When the product and the business model align, both drivers and passengers have a clearer experience.
Continuous improvement matters
Driver expectations continue to evolve. Features that were once optional are now standard.
Platforms that continue to improve their tools and workflows stay competitive longer. Many of these improvements come from real operational challenges, as seen in recent updates highlighted in ATOM Mobility’s latest platform features.
Small improvements in daily workflows can have a large impact when applied across hundreds or thousands of drivers.
The driver app is one of the most important parts of any mobility platform. It affects how drivers work, how much they earn, and whether they stay.
A reliable and well-designed app improves daily operations, reduces friction, and helps platforms scale more efficiently. It also builds long-term driver trust, which is one of the hardest things to maintain in a competitive market.
As mobility businesses continue to grow, the quality of the driver app will remain one of the key factors that determines whether a platform can scale successfully or struggles with constant churn.
Driver App demo credentials - Email: test@atom.com, Password: driver
